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1.
Neurocir. - Soc. Luso-Esp. Neurocir ; 25(3): 132-135, mayo-jun. 2014. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-128141

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: El gliosarcoma es un tumor cerebral primario infrecuente similar al glioblastoma multiforme. En contrapartida al glioblastoma multiforme, debido a su componente sarcomatoso, los gliosarcomas tienen mayor tendencia a realizar metástasis extracraneales (11% de los casos). A pesar de ello, las metástasis medulares del gliosarcoma cerebral primario son extremadamente infrecuentes. CASO CLÍNICO: Se presenta el caso de una paciente intervenida de gliosarcoma cerebral que en el curso evolutivo de su enfermedad presenta una paraparesia, diagnosticándose e interviniéndose de metástasis medular de gliosarcoma. Realizamos una revisión sistemática de la literatura sobre los casos descritos de metástasis intramedular, sus características, el tratamiento realizado y el pronóstico. CONCLUSIONES: Únicamente se han descrito 4 casos de metástasis intramedular de gliosarcoma en la literatura. Se trata de una entidad infrecuente pero en la que debemos pensar ante la aparición de clínica medular en el curso evolutivo de un paciente con gliosarcoma cerebral


INTRODUCTION: Gliosarcoma is a rare neoplasm of the central nervous system, similar to glioblastoma multiforme. In contrast to glioblastoma, it is characterised by its propensity for extracranial metastasis (11% of the cases) due to its sarcomatous component. Intramedullary metastasis from primary gliosarcoma is extremely rare. CASE REPORT: A patient who had surgery for primary cerebral gliosarcoma developed paraparsis during the course of the disease. A magnetic resonance image showed an intramedullaryspinal cord metastasis requiring surgical treatment. This article reviews the literature on intramedullary spinal cord metastasis from gliosarcoma, and highlights the characteristics, treatment and overall survival. CONCLUSIONS: Only 4 cases of intramedullary gliosarcoma metastasis are described in the literature. This extremely rare entity should be suspected with the onset of spinal cord symptoms during the course of primary cerebral gliosarcoma


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Metástase Neoplásica/patologia , Gliossarcoma/patologia , Neoplasias da Medula Espinal/secundário , Procedimentos Neurocirúrgicos/métodos , Paraparesia/etiologia , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Prognóstico
2.
Neurocirugia (Astur) ; 25(3): 132-5, 2014.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24183327

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Gliosarcoma is a rare neoplasm of the central nervous system, similar to glioblastoma multiforme. In contrast to glioblastoma, it is characterised by its propensity for extracranial metastasis (11% of the cases) due to its sarcomatous component. Intramedullary metastasis from primary gliosarcoma is extremely rare. CASE REPORT: A patient who had surgery for primary cerebral gliosarcoma developed paraparesis during the course of the disease. A magnetic resonance image showed an intramedullary spinal cord metastasis requiring surgical treatment. This article reviews the literature on intramedullary spinal cord metastasis from gliosarcoma, and highlights the characteristics, treatment and overall survival. CONCLUSIONS: Only 4 cases of intramedullary gliosarcoma metastasis are described in the literature. This extremely rare entity should be suspected with the onset of spinal cord symptoms during the course of primary cerebral gliosarcoma.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Encefálicas/patologia , Gliossarcoma/secundário , Neoplasias da Medula Espinal/secundário , Evolução Fatal , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
4.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 52(11): 661-664, 1 jun., 2011. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-89251

RESUMO

Introducción. El síndrome del colgajo hundido es una complicación de la craniectomía descompresiva. Adquiere importancia no sólo por su frecuencia, ya que es un síndrome infradiagnosticado, sino por la posibilidad de revertir los síntomas con un correcto tratamiento. Caso clínico. Mujer de 53 años que sufrió un traumatismo craneoencefálico grave, con un Glasgow inicial de 6T. En la tomografía axial computarizada craneal, se observó estallido del lóbulo temporal izquierdo, que requirió craniectomía descompresiva. La paciente presentaba una afasia y una hemiparesia derecha que mejoró paulatinamente durante los primeros meses. A los cuatro meses comenzó con empeoramiento de su focalidad neurológica. Se realizó resonancia magnética, en la que se objetivó retracción de la piel con efecto de masa sobre el parénquima cerebral en la zona de la craniectomía. Tras la realización de la craneoplastia, la paciente recuperó su focalidad neurológica en 48 horas. Conclusiones. Los síntomas del síndrome del colgajo hundido son: cefalea, mareos, alteraciones conductuales, focalidad neurológica o crisis epilépticas. Los síntomas empeoran con la maniobra de Valsalva y los cambios posturales. Característicamente, los síntomas tardan 3-5 meses en aparecer. Las hipótesis para explicar la aparición de estos síntomas son: un efecto directo de la presión atmosférica, alteraciones en el flujo sanguíneo cerebral, cambios en la dinámica del líquido cefalorraquídeo y alteraciones metabólicas. El diagnóstico es clínico, aunque se aconseja la realización de pruebas de imagen para su objetivación. El tratamiento de elección es la craneoplastia. El pronóstico es excelente y la recuperación completa de los síntomas se da en la práctica totalidad de los pacientes (AU)


Introduction. The sinking skin flap syndrome is a complication of decompressive craniectomies. It is of relevance not only due to its frequency, it is often underdiagnosed, but also because of the possibility of reversing the symptoms with the proper treatment. Case report. A 53-year-old female sustained a severe head injury. The initial Glasgow Coma Scale was 6T. The CT scan showed a severe traumatic injury in the left temporal lobe that required a decompressive craniectomy. After surgery the patient developed aphasia and right hemiparesis but progressively improved. Four months after surgery, however, she presented neurological worsening. An MRI showed skin retraction with a mass effect on the brain parenchyma at the craniectomy defect. A cranioplasty was performed and the patient progressively recovered neurologically. onclusions. The symptoms of sinking skin flap are headache, dizziness, inappropriate behaviour, neurological functional impairment and/or seizures. The symptoms worsen with the Valsalva manoeuvres and with changes in position. Typically, symptoms 3 to 5 months to appear. Theories to explain these symptoms include a direct atmospheric pressure effect, brain blood flow changes, alteration in cerebrospinal fluid dynamics and metabolic disturbances. Diagnosis is performed through clinical observation but imaging studies are recommended to confirm the diagnosis. The treatment of choice is a cranioplasty. Prognosis is excellent and almost all patients recover completely (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Descompressão Cirúrgica/efeitos adversos , Hipertensão Intracraniana/cirurgia , Retalhos Cirúrgicos/efeitos adversos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Traumatismos Craniocerebrais/complicações , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/etiologia
6.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 51(1): 19-26, 1 jul., 2010. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-86695

RESUMO

Objetivo. Evaluar la utilidad de la estimulación del nervio occipital en el tratamiento de la cefalea en racimos crónica refractaria al tratamiento farmacológico. Pacientes y métodos. Serie prospectiva de cuatro pacientes, tres varones y una mujer. La edad media es de 42 años. Hay historia de cefalea en racimos de entre 1 y 16 años, con mal control de las crisis mediante tratamiento farmacológico. En todos los casos se han colocado percutáneamente electrodos octopolares en ambas regiones occipitales. Se ha realizado un seguimiento de seis meses. Resultados. A los seis meses se obtuvo una reducción de la frecuencia de las crisis del 56% (rango: 25-95%), una disminución en la intensidad del 48,8% (rango: 20-60%) y una disminución de la duración de un 63,8% (rango: 0-88,8%), sin observarse empeoramiento ni progresión de la enfermedad en ningún caso. La mejoría en la calidad de vida respecto a la prequirúrgica fue de un 15,4% (rango: 6-31,5%) en el cuestionario de salud SF-36. Excepto en un caso, se objetivó una reducción significativa en la cantidad y la dosis de fármacos requeridos respecto al tratamiento prequirúrgico. No se han detectado complicaciones postoperatorias. Todos los pacientes aconsejarían el procedimiento como opción terapéutica. Conclusiones. La estimulación del nervio occipital puede ser una alternativa terapéutica segura y efectiva en el tratamiento de la cefalea en racimos crónica refractaria al tratamiento farmacológico. Sin embargo, son necesarios más estudios para valorar la efectividad de la técnica en un mayor número de pacientes y los resultados a largo plazo (AU)


Aim. To evaluate the occipital nerve stimulation therapy in as a treatment for drug-resistant cluster headache. Patients and methods. Prospective study of four patients, three males and one female. Mean age of 42 years. Patients complained of a cluster headache lasting between one and 16 years, with suboptimal control of the attacks with medication. In all cases octopolar electrodes were placed percutaneously in the occipital region bilaterally. Follow-up of 6 months. Results. At 6 months, there was a 56% (range: 25-95%) reduction in the frequency, a 48.8% (range: 20-60%) decrease in the intensity and a 63.8% (range: 0-88.8%) reduction in the duration of the attacks. Worsening or progression of the illness was not observed in any case. All patients referred a 15.4% (range: 6-31.5%) improvement in their quality of life compared to their previous basal situation in SF-36. In all cases but one there was a significant reduction in the amount and dosage of medication required. Postoperative complications were not observed. All patients would recommend the procedure. Conclusions. Occipital nerve stimulation may be considered a safe and effective therapeutic option in the drug-resistant cluster headache. However, studies with more patients and a longer follow-up are required to evaluate the efficacy of the technique (AU)


Assuntos
Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Cefaleia Histamínica/cirurgia , Terapia por Estimulação Elétrica/métodos , Lobo Occipital/anatomia & histologia , Nervos Periféricos/fisiopatologia , Eletrodos Implantados , Estudos Prospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento
7.
Rev Neurol ; 51(1): 19-26, 2010 Jul 01.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20568064

RESUMO

AIM: To evaluate the occipital nerve stimulation therapy in as a treatment for drug-resistant cluster headache. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Prospective study of four patients, three males and one female. Mean age of 42 years. Patients complained of a cluster headache lasting between one and 16 years, with suboptimal control of the attacks with medication. In all cases octopolar electrodes were placed percutaneously in the occipital region bilaterally. Follow-up of 6 months. RESULTS: At 6 months, there was a 56% (range: 25-95%) reduction in the frequency, a 48.8% (range: 20-60%) decrease in the intensity and a 63.8% (range: 0-88.8%) reduction in the duration of the attacks. Worsening or progression of the illness was not observed in any case. All patients referred a 15.4% (range: 6-31.5%) improvement in their quality of life compared to their previous basal situation in SF-36. In all cases but one there was a significant reduction in the amount and dosage of medication required. Postoperative complications were not observed. All patients would recommend the procedure. CONCLUSIONS: Occipital nerve stimulation may be considered a safe and effective therapeutic option in the drug-resistant cluster headache. However, studies with more patients and a longer follow-up are required to evaluate the efficacy of the technique.


Assuntos
Cefaleia Histamínica/cirurgia , Terapia por Estimulação Elétrica/métodos , Lobo Occipital/anatomia & histologia , Nervos Periféricos/fisiopatologia , Adulto , Eletrodos Implantados , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento
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